Hydraulic systems for heavy equipment: ustroystvo and obsluzhivanie

hydraulic systems yavlyayutsya osnovoy work sovremennoy spetstekhniki. Oni obespechivayut dvizhenie rabochikh organov, upravlenie tekhnikoy and vypolnenie osnovnykh funktsiy. V etoy state my rassmotrim ustroystvo hydraulic systems and osnovy ikh obsluzhivaniya.

Osnovnye components gidravlicheskoy systems

hydraulic nasos

Gidronasos sozdaet davlenie v sisteme and obespechivaet tsirkulyatsiyu oils. Osnovnye tipy:

• Shesterennye pumps — prostye and nadezhnye, dlya srednikh davleniy
• Porshnevye pumps — vysokoe davlenie and proizvoditelnost
• Plastinchatye pumps — srednie davleniya, khoroshaya effektivnost

hydraulic cylinders

hydraulic cylinders preobrazuyut davlenie oils v mekhanicheskoe dvizhenie. Tipy tsilindrov:

• Odnostoronnego deystviya — dvizhenie v odnu storonu pod davleniem
• Dvustoronnego deystviya — dvizhenie v obe storony
• Teleskopicheskie — dlya bolshikh khodov pri kompaktnykh razmerakh

hydraulic valves

valves upravlyayut potokom and davleniem oils:

• Directional valves — upravlyayut napravleniem potoka
• Relief valves — zashchishchayut ot prevysheniya davleniya
• Reguliruyushchie valves — kontroliruyut davlenie and potok

hydraulic filters

Filtery ochishchayut oil ot zagryazneniy and obespechivayut chistotu systems. Tipy filters:

• Vsasyvayushchie filters — zashchishchayut nasos ot krupnykh chastits
• Napornye filters — ochishchayut oil pered podachey v sistemu
• Filtery obratnoy liniand — ochishchayut oil pered vozvratom v bak

Obsluzhivanie gidravlicheskoy systems

Regulyarnaya proverka

Ezhednevno proveryayte:

• Uroven gidravlicheskogo oils
• Nalichie utechek
• Rabotu hydraulic systems
• Temperaturu oils

replacement oils

Hydraulic oil sleduet menyat:

• Soglasno rekomendatsiyam proizvoditelya (obychno kazhdye 1000-2000 motochasov)
• Pri contamination ili izmeneniand svoystv
• Posle remonta systems

replacement filters

hydraulic filters menyayutsya:

• Vmeste s maslom
• Pri contamination
• Soglasno rekomendatsiyam proizvoditelya

Tipichnye problemy and ikh reshenie

Medlennaya rabota systems

Reasons:

• Nizkiy uroven oils
• Zagryaznennyy filter
• Pump wear
• Utechki v sisteme

Reshenie: Proverte uroven oils, zamenite filter, proverte nasos and sistemu na utechki

Povyshennyy shum

Reasons:

• Kavitatsiya (popadanie vozdukha v sistemu)
• Oil contamination
• Pump wear

Reshenie: Proverte uroven oils, zamenite oil and filter, proverte nasos

Utechki oils

Reasons:

• Seal wear
• Povrezhdenie shlangov
• Oslablenie soedineniy

Reshenie: Zamenite uplotneniya, proverte and zamenite shlangi, zatyanite soedineniya

Peregrev systems

Reasons:

• Nedostatochnyy uroven oils
• Zagryaznennyy radiator
• Neispravnyy termostat
• Vysokaya nagruzka

Reshenie: Proverte uroven oils, ochistite radiator, proverte termostat

Failure prevention

• Regulyarno proveryayte uroven and sostoyanie oils
• Svoevremenno zamenyayte filters
• Ispolzuyte kachestvennoe hydraulic oil
• Provodite regulyarnyy osmotr systems
• Sledite za chistotoy systems
• Pravilno ekspluatiruyte tekhniku

Vybor spare parts dlya gidravliki

When choosing spare parts dlya gidravlicheskoy systems vazhno:

• Use original or quality alternatives
• Proveryat sovmestimost s sistemoy
• Uchityvat rabochie parametry (davlenie, raskhod)
• Pokupat u proverennykh postavshchikov

My predlagaem shirokiy assortiment spare parts dlya hydraulic systems dlya vsekh populyarnykh modeley spetstekhniki.

Podrobnee o remonte gidrotsilindrov chitayte v our state "Caterpillar hydraulic cylinder repair".